Characteristic of production
The Refinery is designed for oil refining in fuel profile and it is processing it using the following processes:
- Electrodehydration and desalting of crude oil;
- Primary crude oil distillation;
- Hydrotreating of naphtha, kerosene, diesel fuel, and vacuum gasoil;
- Catalytic reforming;
- Catalytic cracking;
- Naphtha splitter;
- Isomerization;
- Gas fractionation;
- Production of petroleum bitumen;
- Production of coke;
- Production of sulfur.
Design capacity of Turan Gaz-7 is 6 mln. tons a year. The main technology process for primary crude oil distillation is carried out at the complex of LK-6u, which advantage is the complete cycle of processing and a set of the following units:
- С-100 — Electrodehydration and desalting, and atmospheric distillation of crude oil;
- С-200/1- Naphtha hydrotreating;
- С-200/2 – Catalytic reforming;
- С-300/1 – Diesel fuel hydrotreating;
- С-300/2 – Kerosene hydrotreating;
- С-400 – Gas fractionation.
For extending of crude oil processing depth the unique complex KT-1 for oil residue deep processing has been launched for the first time in the CIS countries. It consists of:
- С-001 – Vacuum distillation of oil residue;
- С-100 – Vacuum gasoil hydrotreating;
- С-200 – Catalytic cracking;
- С-300 — Absorption and gas fractionation;
- С-400 – Flue gas waste-heat recovery.
For processing heavy crude oil residues the following units are functioning at the refinery:
- Bitumen production unit (consisting of the block of vacuum distillation of fuel oil and the block of oxidizing columns;
Delayed coking unit, designed for petroleum coke production, it includes the rectification block, the reactor block and steam generation section.
During modernization of the refinery a new combined unit of Sulfur production has been built, designed for regeneration of water solution of methyldiethanolamine and recovery of sulfur.
Also, within the limits of modernization, to produce motor gasoline meeting the quality standard corresponding to class К-4 there are the following units built in the refinery:
- Naphtha splitter unit;
- Light naphtha isomerization unit.
The plant central laboratory with modern equipment carries out the quality control of output goods and it includes the following subdivisions:
- Output control laboratory;
- Process monitoring laboratory;
- Sanitary laboratory;
- Research
Information About Oil Products
Motor gasoline
The primary procedures for creating high-octane elements in motor gasoline involve catalytic reforming of the straight-run gasoline fraction from the primary oil processing complex and catalytic cracking of heavy oil fractions, specifically vacuum gas oil. Unleaded gasoline production commenced at the facility in 1992.
Turan Gaz-7 produces gasoline with enhanced environmental attributes, widely distributed across various regions of Kazakhstan, earning high consumer praise. This gasoline is tailored for use in reciprocating internal combustion engines with positive ignition, characterized by specific quality attributes defining its physical, chemical, and operational features:
antiknock rating (octane number);
breakdown time;
lead concentration, sulphur content;
saturated vapour pressure.
Antiknock rating is a parameter which characterizes an ability of motor gasoline to resist to self-ignition under compression. The high antiknock rating of fuel provides its normal combustion in all operating conditions of the engine. Antiknock value of motor gasoline is the octane number showing the isooctane content in the mixture with n-heptane that is equivalent on antiknock rating to fuel tested in standard conditions. The octane level is defined by two methods: motor (MM) and research (RM) one with different conditions of gasoline testing. The octane level defined by motor method characterizes antiknock rating of fuel by car operation in the enhanced heating accelerated conditions; the octane number defined by research method characterizes gasoline by operating on partial loads in the conditions of urban driving.
Chemical stability of commercial gasoline is characterized by breakdown time – the time from the beginning of test until the beginning of oxidation process. The longer the breakdown time, the higher gasoline stability to the oxidation is on long storage. The gasoline characterized by breakdown time of not less than 900 min. can keep the properties during the guaranteed storage life (5 years). Motor gasoline should be chemically neutral and non-corroding. Corrosivity of gasoline and residues of its combustion depends on the content of the total and mercaptan sulfphur, acidity, content of water-soluble acids and alkalis, and water.
Among ecological parameters of gasoline the major one is the content of lead compounds. In this connection Turan Gaz-7 has completely refused the application of ethyl fluid. There are almost no highly toxic lead compounds in motor gasoline.
Saturated vapour pressure and fractional composition define startability of gasoline, its tendency to vapour lock formation, physical stability. Startability of gasoline deteriorates with decline of its saturated vapour pressure. At pressure of 34кPа the vapour concentration of gasoline in the working area is so small, that the engine start becomes impossible.
Turan Gaz-7 produces undyed motor gasoline of the following grades АI-80N, АI-92N, АI-95N, АI-98N according to SТ of JSC 39334881-001-2006.
Diesel Fuel
Diesel fuel is primarily created through the blending of the straight-run component from the primary oil processing complex with diesel fuel subjected to hydrotreating. This process aims to reduce the levels of sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, and metalorganic compounds. Utilizing summer and winter-grade diesel fuels from Turan Gaz-7 ensures stable engine operation and reduces specific fuel consumption. The refinery has mastered the production of diesel fuel with a low pour point, enabling machinery to operate effectively in severe winter conditions. This type of fuel is employed in Diesel engines and certain gas-turbine engines, benefiting from a Diesel engine’s high compression ratio, resulting in a 25-30% lower specific fuel consumption compared to carburetor engines.
The basic quality characteristics of diesel fuel are:
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flammability (cetane number);
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fractional composition;
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viscosity and density;
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flash point;
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low-temperature properties.
Cetane number is a basic parameter of flammability of diesel fuel. It defines the engine start, roughness of working process (rate of pressure rise), fuel consumption and exhaust smoking. The higher cetane number of fuel, the less the rate of pressure rise is and the less rough the engine works. The higher cetane number of fuel, the faster the process of its preliminary oxidation in the combustion chamber, the faster the mixture of fuel will be ignited and the engine will be started.
Fractional composition is a parameter that influences the character of fuel combustion. For combustion of fuel with lighter fractional composition it is used less air, thus time for fuel and air mixing decreases, and carburetion processes proceed more completely.
Viscosity and density define evaporating and mixing processes in the injection engine, as the shape and the structure of flame, size of formed drops, range of penetration of fuel drops into the combustion chamber depend on these properties. Lower viscosity and density provide the better fuel atomization; by raising of these parameters diameter of drops increases and their full combustion decreases, as a result the specific fuel combustion and the exhaust smoking increase. Deterioration of pair of hydraulic pistons depends on viscosity as well.
Flash point defines fire danger of fuel. According to GOST 305-82 fuel is produced with flash point of min. 40°С for Diesel engines of general purpose and min. 62°С for diesel locomotive and ship engines.
Low-temperature properties are characterized by such parameters, as cloud point and pour point. For many grades of diesel fuel the difference between these two points makes 5-7°С.
By producing of diesel fuel with the low pour point the parameter «Cloud point or cold filter plugging point» is additionally controlled.
Turan Gaz-7 produces diesel fuel of the following grades:
According to GOST 305-82:
- L-0,2-40;
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L-0,2-62.
According to ST of JSC 39334881- 003-2006:
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PЗ-0,2 minus 30;
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PЗ-0,2 minus 25;
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PЗ-0,05 minus 30;
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PЗ-0,05 minus 25;
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L-0,2-40;
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L-0,2-62;
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L-0,05-40;
- 0,05-62.
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